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The 2015 Atlantic hurricane season was a below average season featuring eleven named storms, in which four reached hurricane status. It officially began on June 1 and ended on November 30. These dates historically describe the period each year when most tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic basin. However the first named storm, Ana, developed nearly a month before the official start of the season, the first since 2012’s Beryl and the earliest since 2003’s Ana. The season ended with the dissipation of Kate 18 days before the official end. According to ACE Indices, with a low number of a three-year period of 2013–15, it signaled the possible end to the active phase of Atlantic hurricane activity which began in 1995. Due to a strong El Niño over in the Pacific, most agencies predicted only 6–10 cyclones will develop, however, the number of cyclones developing this season exceeded the limit. Most storms remained weak, in which they affected few land masses. Tropical Storm Bill affected Texas during mid-June and remained over land for a few days which caused extreme flooding. In August, despite a strong El Niño becoming evident, eight systems continuously developed, most of which formed near and affected the Cape Verde Islands. Erika affected the Lesser Antilles and was known for the worst natural disaster in Dominica since Hurricane David in 1979 with 36 total fatalities and damages more than $500 million, while Fred become the first hurricane to strike the Cape Verde Islands in over a century. A month later, in late-September, Joaquin developed and strengthened into a Category 4 major hurricane and affected the Bahamas and Bermuda with damages around $60 million and a similar number of attributable deaths as Erika. Henri and Kate's remnants affected Europe in September and November, respectively. ==Seasonal forecasts== Forecasts of hurricane activity are issued before each hurricane season by noted hurricane experts Philip J. Klotzbach, William M. Gray, and their associates at Colorado State University (CSU); and separately by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) forecasters. Klotzbach's team (formerly led by Gray) defined the average number of storms per season (1981 to 2010) as 12.1 tropical storms, 6.4 hurricanes, 2.7 major hurricanes (storms reaching at least Category 3 strength on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale), and an Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE) index of 96.1. NOAA defines a season as above-normal, near-normal or below-normal by a combination of the number of named storms, the number reaching hurricane strength, the number reaching major hurricane strength, and the ACE index. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「2015 Atlantic hurricane season」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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